ERISA & Fiduciary Litigation

Trusted Counsel for Challenging Times

Assets in employee benefit plans under ERISA now total approximately $6 trillion and cover more than 150 million workers and their dependents, a substantial share of the wealth of the United States. As a result, litigation surrounding ERISA has multiplied. A growing number of lawsuits are being filed against plans, employer sponsors, and fiduciaries. These cases, many of them class actions, have generated multi-million dollar judgments and settlements. Moreover, ERISA litigation and related fiduciary matters are expected to multiply over the next few years due to the turmoil in the financial industry and the earlier, sometimes dramatic decline in stock prices.

Complex and Varied Litigation

ERISA Litigation

Since ERISA’s enactment in 1974, the firm has represented insurance companies, health maintenance organizations, large employers, self-funded employee benefits plans, and even ERISA participants. Miller & Chevalier’s ERISA and Fiduciary Litigation team routinely handles all types of litigation arising under ERISA, including class action lawsuits concerning challenges to benefits denials, exclusions from coverage, fiduciary liability, and subrogation and reimbursement matters.

We represent plan sponsors, fiduciaries, and service providers of both welfare and pension plans before federal and state courts as well as pre-litigation investigations and audits by the Department of Labor (DOL) and the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). Our team has significant experience in the area of federal preemption of state laws under ERISA and the Federal Employees Health Benefits Act (FEHBA), the federal law that governs the health care of federal government workers.

Our team includes former DOL and IRS counsel uniquely situated to understand the enforcement perspectives of both agencies, as well as lawyers who began their career dedicated to ERISA litigation and trial lawyers who have developed extensive experience in ERISA matters. Together with our transactional lawyers who concentrate on the substantive issues involving the tax and labor side of ERISA, Miller & Chevalier’s ERISA and Fiduciary Litigation team can supplement its depth with one of the most sophisticated employee benefit groups in the country. Clients hire us for our deep experience, our ability to handle the most sophisticated matters, and our record of achievement. They choose us because we are incisive strategists and devoted advocates to their problems.

Appellate Litigation

Appellate advocacy is itself an area of concentration that places a premium on written and oral advocacy skills. These skills are particularly important in ERISA, one of the most complex areas of the law. Our ERISA litigators have the demonstrated experience to translate highly technical subject matter into language and concepts that a non-specialist can understand.

In addition to full-scale representation with briefing and argument in the United States Supreme Court and United States Federal Courts of Appeals, we provide advisory litigation services, including strategic guidance at the early stages of a case by shaping important statutory issues with an eye to subsequent appellate considerations. We have also been asked to revise appellate briefs prepared by other counsel and to provide expert advice on Supreme Court or appellate strategy and procedure in important cases.

Experience in Related Substantive Areas

FEHBA

Miller & Chevalier was instrumental in the drafting and enactment of FEHBA, a close cousin to ERISA which governs health benefits provided to federal employees and retirees. Since FEHBA was enacted, we have been national litigation counsel for the Blue Cross and Blue Shield entities that administer and underwrite the largest FEHBA plan, known as the Service Benefit Plan. The Service Benefit Plan has nearly five million participants and is the largest health benefits plan in the world. For nearly five decades we have served as national litigation counsel for this plan, handling matters at all levels of the federal and state courts, including a landmark case in the United States Supreme Court in 2006, appeals in nearly every United States Court of Appeals, and hundreds of United States District Court and state court matters. These representations have involved all of the most sophisticated disputes and issues that arise in the context of health benefits plans, such as preemption, federal jurisdiction, benefits controversies, subrogation disputes, Racketeering Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) allegations, class actions, and multi-district litigation.

PBGC

Another aspect of the ERISA and Fiduciary Litigation team’s practice centers the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC). The PBGC’s decisions affect employers seeking to terminate pension plans or who pay premiums for termination insurance to the PBGC, as well as the rights of employees and retirees whose pension plans have terminated and are now under the administration of, and subject to the insurance guarantees provided by, the PBGC. The PBGC’s actions are governed by ERISA, but the ERISA rules applicable to it are unique and exceedingly complicated. Indeed, pursuit of challenges to the PBGC's determinations requires a comprehensive understanding of ERISA and an ability to navigate the PBGC's own informal administrative process. It can also require the ability to manage complex litigation brought by large groups of employees and retirees who have been adversely affected by the PBGC's decisions.

Representative Engagements|View All
  • Empire HealthChoice Assurance, Inc. v. McVeigh, 547 U.S. 677 (2006). Represented a Blue Cross and Blue Shield entity in the United States Supreme Court, both in successfully petitioning for certiorari and then in briefing and arguing on the merits, a case raising issues of federal vs. state court jurisdiction in connection with FEHBA subrogation disputes.
     
  • Health Care Serv. Corp. v. Pollitt, 558 F.3d 615 (7th Cir. 2009), petition for cert. granted, No. 09-38 (U.S. 2010), voluntarily dismissed, 130 S. Ct. 1574 (U.S. 2010). Represented a federal employee health benefits plan in suit involving issue of federal jurisdiction and preemption over state court claims challenging eligibility and benefits determinations. The case concerned a state court suit that had been removed to federal court and the propriety of removal jurisdiction in eligibility and benefits matters. We sought certiorari in the case from the Supreme Court, and the Court granted the petition. The matter was resolved by the parties prior to the scheduled oral argument in the Supreme Court in March 2010.
     
  • Davis, et al. v. PBGC, No. 1:08-cv-01064 (D.D.C.) (pending). In the summer of 2008, Miller & Chevalier, representing more than 1700 retired pilots of US Airways, Inc. (all part of an association known as the Retired Pilots Association of US Airways, or the “Soaring Eagles"), filed suit in federal district court against the PBGC. This ERISA-based action, emanating out of US Airways' bankruptcy and its related decision to effect a distress termination of its pension plan, asserts several claims for equitable and declaratory relief, primarily focused on the PBGC's methods for calculating retirement benefits and its obligations as a fiduciary of a terminated plan. The case is one of the largest challenges ever filed to PBGC administrative action, and the Court has denied a motion by the PBGC to dismiss the case. The parties recently cross-moved for summary judgment.
     
  • Brubaker v. Metropolitan Life Ins. Co., 482 F.3d 586 (D.C. Cir. 2007). Represented MetLife in the District of Columbia Circuit and defended a favorable district court decision that rejected a former employee’s attempt to obtain cost of living adjustments to benefits that MetLife intended to grant only to MetLife retirees. Court ruled unanimously in favor of our client.
Government Experience
Corporate Experience
Rankings and Recognition
  • U.S. News – Best Lawyers® “Best Law Firms”:  Litigation – ERISA (District of Columbia), Tier 2, 2011 - 2012
Clerkships